Regulatory mechanism of Angelica sinensis via the AMPK pathway in laying hens: against fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome.

Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) is considered as a "silent killer" of egg production. 120 laying hens were randomly divided into the control group (C), the model group (M) and the different intervention groups (ASH and ASL) of Angelica sinensis (AS). FLHS model in laying hens was built by feeding high-fat, high-protein diet and giving β-estradiol. The intervention effect and mechanism of AS was evaluated through AMPK pathway by Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting. Twenty-one chemical components in AS were identified and the contents were calculated. TG, TC, ALT in liver tissue and serum, and the liver index decreased after AS intervention. Additionally, IgG in ASH significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with Group M. HE, Oil red and electron microscopy results showed that the FLHS model was successfully established, and AS could intervene FLHS.SOD and GSH in liver tissue of laying hens with FLHS increased after AS intervention. MDA, IL-6 and TNF-α in liver tissue of laying hens with FLHS decreased after AS intervention. The results of liver non-target lipidomics showed the occurrence of FLHS in laying hens was closely related to primary bile acid biosynthesis, bile secretion, and steroid hormone biosynthesis, and the related metabolism was disturbed after AS intervention. Beclin1, ULK1, CPT1, p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ACC protein expression in Group M were extremely significantly lower than Group C (P < 0.01), with an extremely significant increase in SREBP 1c protein expression (P < 0.01). After AS intervention, the protein expression of Beclin1, ULK1, CPT1, p-AMPK/AMPK and p-ACC extremely significantly increased (P < 0.01), and SREBP 1c extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.01). These results suggested that AS might regulate lipid deposition of FLHS in laying hens by modulating AMPK pathway. These findings provide a basis for elucidating the intervention mechanisms of AS on laying hens with FLHS.