Single-visit vital root resection and retrograde pulpotomy for periodontally diseased molars: case series with up to three years of follow-up.

Conventional root resection for a furcation-involved tooth typically requires endodontic treatment, which can compromise tooth structure and increase treatment complexity. The technique described herein aims to maintain pulp vitality, potentially reducing the risk of post-operative complications and preserves tooth structure.Three patients presenting with maxillary molars exhibiting Class III furcation involvement and vertical bone loss to the apical third of the affected root underwent vital root resection. The procedure involved resection of the compromised root, retrograde partial pulpotomy using a hydraulic calcium silicate cement, and restoration of the resection site. Patients were followed-up for a minimum of one year, with regular clinical and radiographic evaluations.Treated molars maintained pulp vitality throughout the follow-up period, ranging from 19-32 months. Clinical parameters, including probing depths and mobility, showed significant improvement. Radiographic examination revealed maintenance of bone levels around the remaining roots and absence of periapical pathology. Patients reported satisfactory function and no adverse symptoms.Vital root resection is a promising alternative to conventional root resection. The technique offers several advantages, including preservation of tooth structure, reduced treatment time, and cost savings.