Pulmonary Cavity From Mycobacterium malmoense in an HIV-Infected Patient: Complicated by Bronchopleural Fistula.

We present a case of M. malmoense and HIV co-infection complicated by aspergilloma leading to bronchopleural fistula with intractable pneumothorax and pleural aspergillosis, ultimately requiring surgical intervention. Treatment guidelines for M. malmoense are reviewed, literature regarding M. malmoense and HIV co-infection is reviewed, and the epidemiology of M. malmoense in North America is discussed.