Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Coinfection in AIDS Patients: Case Report and Literature Review.

A fatal case of mucosal leishmaniasis in a patient with AIDS is presented. Seventeen cases of L. brasiliensis coinfection in AIDS patients in Brazil have been presented at the meetings of The Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases. As in the case presented here, 4 cases with mucosal involvement also had negative delayed type hypersensitivity reactions to leishmania antigens. This lack of immunologic responsiveness, the invasive nature of the infection, and the poor response to therapy indicate that the combination of these two infections should be viewed as a new disease entity.