Upper limb mucormycosis in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report.

INTRODUCTION AND

IMPORTANCE

Mucormycosis, a fungal infection, usually involves the rhino-orbital-cerebral cavities in immunocompromised patients. The upper limb is one of the most infrequent sites for mucormycosis infection.

CASE PRESENTATION: We present a rare and atypical case of upper limb mucormycosis in an immunocompromised patient undergoing chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The diagnosis was confirmed through histopathological examination. Prompt and aggressive intervention - including extensive surgical debridement and intravenous antifungal therapy - led to the successful preservation of both the patient's life and limb.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION: This case is notable for successful limb salvage without amputation, despite deep tissue involvement. Prompt recognition, early surgical intervention, and appropriate antifungal therapy were key to the favorable outcome. Considering mucormycosis in immunocompromised patients, along with early diagnostic workup, biopsy, specific fungal cultures (when available), antifungal therapy, and timely surgical intervention, can lead to limb and life salvage.

CONCLUSION

The present study has revealed the importance of early diagnosis and management of uncommon site infections with mucormycosis in immunocompromised individuals, particularly in hematologic malignancies.