[Relation between ultrasonographic characteristics of pathologic myopia posterior staphyloma and retinoschisis].

Objective

To study the ultrasonographic characteristics of pathologic myopia posterior staphyloma and the relation with retinoschisis.

Methods

Retrospective case series study. Eighty-seven eyes of 66 pathologic myopia patients with posterior staphyloma were included. Staphyloma morphology and anteroposterior axis of the eyeball were observed by B-scan ultrasonography. Optical coherence tomography was used to explore the retinoschisis.

Results

Arc-shaped (10.35%), cone-shaped (22.99%), wedge-shaped (33.33%) and rectangle-shaped (33.33%) posterior staphylomas were found by B-scan ultrasonography. Posterior pole or macular retinoschisis was found by optical coherence tomography in 65 eyes (74.71%), 56 of which (86.15%) were observed to have a rough posterior ocular wall or membranoid attachment by ultrasonography. The anteroposterior axis of arc-shaped posterior staphyloma was shorter than that of staphylomas in the other shapes. Posterior staphyloma morphology was related to retinoschisis(r=0.385, 0.406. P<0.01). The retinoschisis was at the macula in 80.00% of cone-shaped posterior staphyloma, at the wedge-shaped corner in 75.00% of wedge-shaped posterior staphyloma and at the rectangle-shaped corner in 62.50% of rectangle-shaped posterior staphyloma.

Conclusions

It is hard to discover retinoschisis of pathologic myopia posterior staphyloma by ophthalmoscopy. Morphologic characters of posterior staphyloma and conditions of posterior eyewall can be showed directly under ultrasonographic examination. B-scan ultrasonography may provide a diagnostic basis for pathologic myopia retinoschisis. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2017, 53: 46-52).