An examination of male and female odds ratios by BMI, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx in pooled data from 15 case-control studies.
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Lubin Jay H, Muscat Joshua, Gaudet Mia M, Olshan Andrew F, Curado Maria Paula, Dal Maso Luigino, Wünsch-Filho Victor, Sturgis Erich M, Szeszenia-Dabrowska Neonilia, Castellsague Xavier, Zhang Zuo-Feng, Smith Elaine, Fernandez Leticia, Matos Elena, Franceschi Silvia, Fabianova Eleonora, Rudnai Peter, Purdue Mark P, Mates Dana, Wei Qingyi, Herrero Rolando, Kelsey Karl, Morgenstern Hal, Shangina Oxana, Koifman Sergio, Lissowska Jolanta, Levi Fabio, Daudt Alexander W, Neto Jose Eluf, Chen Chu, Lazarus Philip, Winn Deborah M, Schwartz Stephen M, Boffetta Paolo, Brennan Paul, Menezes Ana, La Vecchia Carlo, McClean Michael, Talamini Renato, Rajkumar Thangarajan, Hayes Richard B, Hashibe Mia
Аннотация
METHODS: We analyzed 2,441 oral cavity (925 women and 1,516 men), 2,297 oropharynx (564 women and 1,733 men), 508 hypopharynx (96 women and 412 men), and 1,740 larynx (237 women and 1,503 men) cases from the INHANCE consortium of 15 head and neck cancer case-control studies. Controls numbered from 7,604 to 13,829 subjects, depending on analysis. Analyses fitted linear-exponential excess ORs models.
RESULTS: ORs were increased in underweight (< 18.5 BMI) relative to normal weight (18.5-24.9) and reduced in overweight and obese categories (≥ 25 BMI) for all sites and were homogeneous by sex. ORs by smoking and drinking in women compared with men were significantly greater for oropharyngeal cancer (p < 0.01 for both factors), suggestive for hypopharyngeal cancer (p = 0.05 and p = 0.06, respectively), but homogeneous for oral cavity (p = 0.56 and p = 0.64) and laryngeal (p = 0.18 and p = 0.72) cancers.
CONCLUSIONS: The extent that OR modifications of smoking and drinking by sex for oropharyngeal and, possibly, hypopharyngeal cancers represent true associations, or derive from unmeasured confounders or unobserved sex-related disease subtypes (e.g., human papillomavirus-positive oropharyngeal cancer) remains to be clarified.