[The role of cytokines in restenosing coronary stents and the efficiency of its secondary prophylaxis with statins].

This study was designed to assess the diagnostic value of dynamic patterns of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-alpha) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and restenosis of coronary stents 14 months after their implantation for long-term prophylaxis of dyslipoproteinemia. A total of 40 patients with IHD of advanced functional classes (FC) were examined. Blood cytokine levels were measured before, 1 day, and 12-18 months after coronary stenting. Two groups of 23 and 17 patients included cases with recurrent angina and without it respectively. The main parameters measured in the study were in-stent restenosis rate, incidence of' acute myocardial infarction (AMI), mortality rate, frequency of hospitalization for unstable angina, and the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Considerable activation of cytokines in patients with post-infarction cardiac dysfunction who rarely resorted to therapy with statins (16.7%) was associated with the high rate of recurrent coronary insufficiency related to in-stent occlusion (8.7%), progressive atherosclerosis (65.2%), impaired myocardial perfusion, and restenosis of coronary stents (26.1%). Patients lacking apparent expression of serum cytokines after revascularization while receiving efficacious secondary prophylaxis of dyslipidemia (13.8 and 17% decrease of triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol respectively, p = 0.04) had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) improved by 12.5% (p = 0.03%), left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) decreased by 15.8% (p = 0.03), and frequency of ischemic perfusion defect (PD) reduced by 45.3% (p = 0.01). Moreover, they showed low incidence of progressive coronary atherosclerosis (17.6%) in the absence of in-stent restenosis. It is concluded that the frequency of restenosis of coronary stents after endovascular myocardial revascularization depends on the preprocedural rise in IL-1b content (R = 0.62, p = 0.0023). It is concluded that long-term secondary prophylaxis of dyslipoproteinemia in patients with ischemic dysfunction at risk of coronary restenosis effectively (more than thrice) decreases the occurrence of coronary stent restenosis after endovascular revasularization.