Recent Advances in Microsurgery: An Update in the Past 4 Years.

Microsurgery has broad applications in reconstructive surgery. As techniques, diagnostics, and advancing technology rapidly evolve, reconstructive microsurgeons can adapt to address new challenges and push the frontiers to achieve optimal functional and aesthetic reconstruction, and minimize donor site morbidity. This article briefly outlines some of the recent advances and innovations in microsurgery within the last 5 years in perforator flaps, breast, lymphedema surgery, extremity reconstruction, targeted muscle reinnervation, head and neck reconstruction, composite tissue allotransplantation, and robotic surgery.