Inflammopharmacology · 2025
Citral impairs intestinal changes caused by ulcerative colitis through modulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and healing activities.
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Emílio-Silva Maycon T, Rodrigues Vinícius P, Ruiz-Malagon Antonio J, Guidolin Isabela G, Dario Felipe L, Fioravanti Mariana M, Rodriguez-Nogales Alba, Gálvez Julio, Hiruma-Lima Clelia A
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the main representative of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions characterized by intestinal inflammation, caused by the overproduction of pro-oxidant species and an immune response that damages the gut mucosa.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and protective effect of Citral, a monoterpene, on in vitro and in vivo models of UC.
METHODOLOGY: Male C57BL/6J mice were used for DSS 3%-induced UC for 5 days in drinking water. Concomitantly, daily oral citral (25, 100, and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle was administered. Colonic segments were collected to evaluate neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of antioxidant markers. NCM-356 and RAW-294 cells were stimulated with LPS (10 and 100 ng/mL, respectively). Cell viability, nitrite levels, scratch wound healing assay, and gene expression of inflammatory and growth factors were assessed.
RESULTS: Acute treatment with citral (100 and 300 mg/kg) exhibited an anti-colitis effect by reducing the disease activity index (DAI) score compared to that in the DSS-vehicle group. This response was mediated by a significant reduction in myeloperoxidase activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive species levels, associated with an increase in superoxide dismutase activity, indicating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities (p < 0.05). The monoterpene reversed LPS-induced intestinal epithelial disturbance in the scratch wound healing process under different conditions and possibly reduced inos expression.
CONCLUSION: Citral treatment prevents the development of UC via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and healing effects.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and protective effect of Citral, a monoterpene, on in vitro and in vivo models of UC.
METHODOLOGY: Male C57BL/6J mice were used for DSS 3%-induced UC for 5 days in drinking water. Concomitantly, daily oral citral (25, 100, and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle was administered. Colonic segments were collected to evaluate neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation, and the expression of antioxidant markers. NCM-356 and RAW-294 cells were stimulated with LPS (10 and 100 ng/mL, respectively). Cell viability, nitrite levels, scratch wound healing assay, and gene expression of inflammatory and growth factors were assessed.
RESULTS: Acute treatment with citral (100 and 300 mg/kg) exhibited an anti-colitis effect by reducing the disease activity index (DAI) score compared to that in the DSS-vehicle group. This response was mediated by a significant reduction in myeloperoxidase activity and thiobarbituric acid reactive species levels, associated with an increase in superoxide dismutase activity, indicating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities (p < 0.05). The monoterpene reversed LPS-induced intestinal epithelial disturbance in the scratch wound healing process under different conditions and possibly reduced inos expression.
CONCLUSION: Citral treatment prevents the development of UC via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and healing effects.