Nosocomial candiduria in women undergoing urinary catheterization. Clonal relationship between strains isolated from vaginal tract and urine.

We determined the incidence of nosocomial candiduria associated with indwelling urinary catheters in 42 women with and without Candida spp. vaginal colonization being treated in the intensive care unit (ICU). We established a relationship between strains initially isolated from the vaginal tract and those subsequently recovered from urine samples through the use of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The overall incidence of nosocomial candiduria in these patients was 21.4%. Vaginal colonization by Candida spp. was detected in 11 patients (26.2%) of whom 6 (54.5%) developed candiduria. In comparison, only 3 (9.7%) cases of candiduria were found in women who were not colonized by the yeast (RR: 4.4, 95% CI 1.61-86.8, P=0.005). The dendrogram obtained by RAPD using 14 primers showed that the strains isolated from vagina and urine samples in five women had high similarity values (SAB >0.9) forming independent clusters. Our study suggests that women vaginally colonized by Candida spp. in an ICU setting have a high risk of acquiring nosocomial candiduria and that strains isolated from both sites in a single patient may be genetically related.