Wedge vs screw implants in narrow ridges: A multiple split-mouth case report in the posterior maxilla with a 14-month follow-up.

PURPOSE: A recently introduced narrow osseointegrated wedge-shaped implant has been proposed for the treatment of thin alveolar ridges that are not suitable for placement of root form screw-type implants without bone augmentation procedures. The wedge implant was designed with the aim of preserving the buccal bone plate while maintaining adequate mechanical and prosthetic performance. This multiple split-mouth case report in the posterior maxilla compares wedge-shaped and screw-type implants.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

Wedge implants (1.8 mm thickness) were placed in a narrow ridge (mean width 4.05 mm), whereas screw implants (4.25 mm diameter) were placed in a wider ridge (mean width 6.5 mm). Screw implant sites were prepared with standard drills. Wedge implant sites were prepared using the piezoelectric technique and wedge ridge expanders. Implant stability, marginal bone level, ridge width changes and peri-implant soft tissue conditions were evaluated over a 14-month follow-up period.

RESULTS

All implants achieved osseointegration. Screw implants demonstrated marginal bone loss between 1.2 and 2 mm and gingival recession. Conversely, wedge implants, despite being placed in thinner ridges, did not exhibit marginal bone loss and showed healthy and stable peri-implant soft tissues and horizontal thickening of the bone crest.

CONCLUSIONS

Within the limitations of a case report, wedge-shaped implants may represent a minimally invasive alternative to conventional screw implants and bone augmentation in narrow ridges, promoting bone preservation and favourable aesthetic outcomes.