Assessing the role of serum prolactin levels and coding region somatic mutations of the prolactin gene in Saudi uterine leiomyoma patients.

INTRODUCTION

Uterine leiomyomas (UL) are highly prevalent benign smooth muscle tumors, seen in approximately 70% of women. These hormone responsive tumors are also known to secrete prolactin (PRL), a hormone of the anterior pituitary gland. Elevated levels of serum prolactin are a common clinical finding in different gynecological pathologies including UL. However, the underlying causes for this elevation are not yet clear. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to measure the serum PRL in UL patients and also to investigate its molecular connection with coding region somatic mutations of the PRL gene.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

The serum PRL levels of UL patients were measured through the ELISA method. The coding region PRL gene mutations in UL and corresponding myometrium tissues were screened through the Sanger sequencing method.

RESULTS

Uterine leiomyoma patients demonstrated significant elevation of the PRL hormone level in serum samples (p ≤ 0.01). No somatic coding region mutations in the PRL gene were identified. However, four germline variants (c.570G>A, c.205-102T>A, c.312+177T>C and c.269C>T) were detected.

CONCLUSIONS

This study is the first one to confirm that serum PRL level elevation among UL patients is not connected to somatic mutations in the PRL gene. However, PRL genetic polymorphisms may indirectly contribute to the disease etiology.