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Войти в исследования International journal of cardiology · 2018
MD-2 is a new predictive biomarker in dilated cardiomyopathy and exerts direct effects in isolated cardiomyocytes.
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Riad Alexander, Gross Stefan, Witte Jeannine, Feldtmann Rico, Wagner Katharina B, Reinke Yvonne, Weitmann Kerstin, Empen Klaus, Beug Daniel, Westermann Dirk, Lindner Diana, Klingel Karin, Dörr Marcus, Hoffmann Wolfgang, Felix Stephan B
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD-2) has been shown to be an important modulator of the innate immune system, but its role in cardiac diseases is unknown. We investigated whether MD-2 plays a role as risk predictor and contributor in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).
METHODS AND RESULTS: We included 174 patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF <45%) due to DCM. Coronary artery disease and severe valvular diseases were excluded in all patients by angiography or echocardiography. Cardiac inflammation, viral infection and MD-2 expression were analyzed from right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies. MD-2 was quantified by ELISA in serum upon first hospital admission. Myocyte contractility and inflammatory response after stimulation with recombinant MD-2 protein were analyzed in isolated rat cardiomyocytes. Median follow-up of the patients was 3.51 years (2.73; 4.48) with 34 deaths. Absolute mortality risk increases in patients displaying a MD-2 serum concentration greater than the median (302 ng/ml) was 23% (P < 0.0001). Age- and sex-adjusted Cox regression analyses demonstrated that mortality risk was highly related to MD-2 concentrations (P < 0.001), but not to age or sex. An increase of 100 ng/ml in the MD-2 level was associated with an absolute mortality risk increase of 50.4%. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses showed no difference between MD-2 and nterminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), while the combination of both MD-2 and NT-pro-BNP resulted in a significantly increased capability of risk prediction when compared to NT-pro-BNP alone (P = 0.014). In-vitro, recombinant MD-2 decreases cell shortening and modulates cytokine activation in isolated cardiomyocytes.
CONCLUSION: MD-2 predicts long-term outcome in DCM patients and improves mortality risk prediction capability compared to NT-pro-BNP alone. In addition, MD-2 exerts direct negative inotropic effects on isolated cardiomyocytes in-vitro. Further randomized trials should confirm MD-2 as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.
METHODS AND RESULTS: We included 174 patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF <45%) due to DCM. Coronary artery disease and severe valvular diseases were excluded in all patients by angiography or echocardiography. Cardiac inflammation, viral infection and MD-2 expression were analyzed from right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies. MD-2 was quantified by ELISA in serum upon first hospital admission. Myocyte contractility and inflammatory response after stimulation with recombinant MD-2 protein were analyzed in isolated rat cardiomyocytes. Median follow-up of the patients was 3.51 years (2.73; 4.48) with 34 deaths. Absolute mortality risk increases in patients displaying a MD-2 serum concentration greater than the median (302 ng/ml) was 23% (P < 0.0001). Age- and sex-adjusted Cox regression analyses demonstrated that mortality risk was highly related to MD-2 concentrations (P < 0.001), but not to age or sex. An increase of 100 ng/ml in the MD-2 level was associated with an absolute mortality risk increase of 50.4%. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses showed no difference between MD-2 and nterminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP), while the combination of both MD-2 and NT-pro-BNP resulted in a significantly increased capability of risk prediction when compared to NT-pro-BNP alone (P = 0.014). In-vitro, recombinant MD-2 decreases cell shortening and modulates cytokine activation in isolated cardiomyocytes.
CONCLUSION: MD-2 predicts long-term outcome in DCM patients and improves mortality risk prediction capability compared to NT-pro-BNP alone. In addition, MD-2 exerts direct negative inotropic effects on isolated cardiomyocytes in-vitro. Further randomized trials should confirm MD-2 as a diagnostic and therapeutic target.