Effect of Culturally Competent Care on Glycemic Control in Ethnically Diverse Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

INTRODUCTION

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic disease, particularly affecting cross-cultural populations. These populations face socioeconomic, cultural, and health care barriers that hinder optimal disease management. Evidence suggests that culturally competent care (CCC) can improve diabetes management.

METHODS

To evaluate the efficacy of CCC on blood glucose and body weight in cross-cultural T2DM patients through a meta-analysis. We included 33 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 6,956 participants. Studies were identified from eight databases. Risk of bias was assessed, and the meta-analysis was conducted using R.

RESULTS

CCC led to significant reductions in HbA1c, body mass index (BMI), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) (p < .05). However, the effect on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was inconclusive (p > .05).

DISCUSSION: CCC improves blood glucose and weight management in cross-cultural T2DM patients. Further research is needed to explore long-term effects, optimize strategies, and refine subgroup classifications.