Evidence-based dentistry · 2025
Is smoking cessation the key to better oral health outcomes for type 2 diabetic patients with periodontal disease?
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Grumley Chris
Аннотация
A COMMENTARY ON: La Rosa G R M, Pedulla E, Chapple I et al. A systematic review of oral health outcomes following smoking cessation in type 2 diabetes: clinical and research implications. J Dent 2025; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105665 .
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review investigated the impact of smoking cessation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODOLOGY: The review utilised multiple online academic publication search engines and highly cited journals to compile articles for review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A combination of human clinical studies, ranging from randomised control trials to cross-sectional studies involving type 2 diabetic patients with a current or past history of smoking, was employed. These studies were analysed to evaluate oral health outcomes related to periodontal disease and caries.
RESULTS: Four of the 549 studies analysed met the inclusion criteria (n = 926 participants). Two were cross-sectional analyses of cohort studies, another was a cohort study, and the last was a report. Each assessed a person's smoking status and its effects on the progression of periodontal disease and response to treatment in the type 2 diabetes subgroup. Overall, smoking cessation does not appear to improve the outcomes of periodontal disease or treatment for type 2 diabetics, but the area lacks robust research to draw any significant conclusions.
CONCLUSION: Evidence that smoking cessation improves the outcomes of periodontal treatment in type 2 diabetics remains inconclusive. Smoking cessation is an important method of preventing health problems in the general population, but its effects related to diabetes are still unknown, and more research is necessary.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review investigated the impact of smoking cessation in patients with type 2 diabetes.
METHODOLOGY: The review utilised multiple online academic publication search engines and highly cited journals to compile articles for review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A combination of human clinical studies, ranging from randomised control trials to cross-sectional studies involving type 2 diabetic patients with a current or past history of smoking, was employed. These studies were analysed to evaluate oral health outcomes related to periodontal disease and caries.
RESULTS: Four of the 549 studies analysed met the inclusion criteria (n = 926 participants). Two were cross-sectional analyses of cohort studies, another was a cohort study, and the last was a report. Each assessed a person's smoking status and its effects on the progression of periodontal disease and response to treatment in the type 2 diabetes subgroup. Overall, smoking cessation does not appear to improve the outcomes of periodontal disease or treatment for type 2 diabetics, but the area lacks robust research to draw any significant conclusions.
CONCLUSION: Evidence that smoking cessation improves the outcomes of periodontal treatment in type 2 diabetics remains inconclusive. Smoking cessation is an important method of preventing health problems in the general population, but its effects related to diabetes are still unknown, and more research is necessary.