European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2025
Longitudinal assessment of factors associated with dental caries on the first permanent molars: a prospective clinical study in Brazilian children.
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Moreira L V, Machado G F, Ramos-Jorge M L, Mourão P S, Ramos-Jorge J, Fernandes I B
Аннотация
PURPOSE: The first molars are frequently the first permanent teeth to erupt in the oral cavity, and their premature loss can significantly affect a child's oral health. This study aimed to identify determinants of dental caries on the first permanent molars among schoolchildren.
METHODS: A longitudinal study was conducted with 122 mother-child pairs from the Brazilian city of Diamantina. The children were evaluated at three instants: first, between 1 and 3 years of age (T1), then, 3 years after the initial assessment (T2), and finally, 6 years after the initial assessment (T3). Socioeconomic data, child habits, visible plaque, and dental caries (assessed through International Caries Detection and Assessment System [ICDAS-II]) were collected at all three time points.
RESULTS: The incidence of dental caries in the first permanent molars was 70.5% and was associated with the presence of caries at T1 (RR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.08-1.84) and T2 (RR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.12-2.22). The following variables at both T1 and T2 were also significantly associated with caries incidence: a high number of income dependents (RR = 1.66; 95% CI 1.17-2.35) and low brushing frequency (RR = 1.77; 95% CI 1.27-2.46). Yet, the persistence of low brushing frequency from T2 to T3 (RR = 1.32; 95% CI 1.05-1.65) was also associated with the incidence of caries.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of dental caries in the first permanent molars was associated with prior caries experience, low toothbrushing frequency, and schoolchildren belonging to families with a high number of income dependents. These findings highlight the importance of early preventive interventions and socioeconomic considerations in addressing childhood dental caries.
METHODS: A longitudinal study was conducted with 122 mother-child pairs from the Brazilian city of Diamantina. The children were evaluated at three instants: first, between 1 and 3 years of age (T1), then, 3 years after the initial assessment (T2), and finally, 6 years after the initial assessment (T3). Socioeconomic data, child habits, visible plaque, and dental caries (assessed through International Caries Detection and Assessment System [ICDAS-II]) were collected at all three time points.
RESULTS: The incidence of dental caries in the first permanent molars was 70.5% and was associated with the presence of caries at T1 (RR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.08-1.84) and T2 (RR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.12-2.22). The following variables at both T1 and T2 were also significantly associated with caries incidence: a high number of income dependents (RR = 1.66; 95% CI 1.17-2.35) and low brushing frequency (RR = 1.77; 95% CI 1.27-2.46). Yet, the persistence of low brushing frequency from T2 to T3 (RR = 1.32; 95% CI 1.05-1.65) was also associated with the incidence of caries.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of dental caries in the first permanent molars was associated with prior caries experience, low toothbrushing frequency, and schoolchildren belonging to families with a high number of income dependents. These findings highlight the importance of early preventive interventions and socioeconomic considerations in addressing childhood dental caries.