Nutritional neuroscience · 2025
Cornus mas ameliorates AlCl3-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats with metabolic syndrome by regulating inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Çevikelli Yakut Zatiye Ayça, Bakar Elvan, Sanal Filiz, Çevik Dicle, Karadağ Çetin Hakan, Güzelmeriç Etil
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer's disease (AD) results from different risk variables, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) and environmental factors. The benefits of Cornus mas L. on diabetes are well-known. However, the impacts of C. mas fruits on AD or MetS-related cognitive dysfunction have not yet been studied. We evaluated the impact of C. mas fruit (80% ethanol) extract in an animal model of MetS and AD.
METHODS: Male Spraque-Dawley rats were administered a high-fat, high-sugar diet for 105 days alone or with an AlCl3 intraperitoneal injection for the last 60 days. C. mas fruit extract (400, 700, and 1000 mg/kg peroral) was administered for 60 days. After conducting behavioral tests and measuring blood pressure, hippocampal tissues and serum samples were obtained. The phytochemical analyses were conducted on C. mas fruit extract.
RESULTS: C. mas alleviated MetS by reducing blood glucose, total cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure levels. Behavioral tests demonstrated that C. mas improves AlCl3-related cognitive decline in rats with MetS, which was supported by the neuroprotective effect of C. mas in histological analysis. C. mas dose-dependently reduced amyloid-β, malondialdehyde levels, acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus, proinflammatory cytokines in serum, and elevated glutathione levels in the hippocampus. Phytochemical analyses revealed that C. mas fruit contains loganic acid, cornuside, and anthocyanins.
DISCUSSION: C. mas fruit extract in every three doses given could improve cognitive decline due to MetS and AlCl3 through alleviation of MetS, oxidative stress and inflammation, prevention of amyloid deposition, and increased cholinergic transmission.
METHODS: Male Spraque-Dawley rats were administered a high-fat, high-sugar diet for 105 days alone or with an AlCl3 intraperitoneal injection for the last 60 days. C. mas fruit extract (400, 700, and 1000 mg/kg peroral) was administered for 60 days. After conducting behavioral tests and measuring blood pressure, hippocampal tissues and serum samples were obtained. The phytochemical analyses were conducted on C. mas fruit extract.
RESULTS: C. mas alleviated MetS by reducing blood glucose, total cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure levels. Behavioral tests demonstrated that C. mas improves AlCl3-related cognitive decline in rats with MetS, which was supported by the neuroprotective effect of C. mas in histological analysis. C. mas dose-dependently reduced amyloid-β, malondialdehyde levels, acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus, proinflammatory cytokines in serum, and elevated glutathione levels in the hippocampus. Phytochemical analyses revealed that C. mas fruit contains loganic acid, cornuside, and anthocyanins.
DISCUSSION: C. mas fruit extract in every three doses given could improve cognitive decline due to MetS and AlCl3 through alleviation of MetS, oxidative stress and inflammation, prevention of amyloid deposition, and increased cholinergic transmission.