Contact dermatitis · 2025
The Italian Trend of Contact Allergy to 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate: Is the Current European Legislation Working?
СтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Caroppo Elena Sofia, Casciola Gabriele, Hansel Katharina, Guglielmo Alba, Ferrucci Silvia Mariel, Guarneri Fabrizio, Lauriola Maria Michela, Napolitano Maddalena, Patruno Cataldo, Romita Paolo, Schena Donatella, Trave Ilaria, Bianchi Leonardo, Stingeni Luca, 2‐HEMA Study Group
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: (Meth)acrylates are well-known causes of allergic contact dermatitis, and nail products are the major source of exposure, especially in a non-occupational setting. In 2020, the European legislation restricted 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA) only in nail cosmetics to professional use.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Italian prevalence trend of positive patch test reactions to 2-HEMA, the best marker for delayed hypersensitivity to (meth)acrylates.
METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study on consecutive patients patch tested with the Italian baseline series containing 2-HEMA was performed in 8 Italian Dermatology Clinics. Demographics, patch test results, exposure settings and sources were analysed.
RESULTS: Amongst 7133 patch tested patients, 147 (2.1%) resulted positive to 2-HEMA with an increasing trend from 2019 (1.6%) to 2023 (2.7%). The median age of sensitised female patients with a relevant positive patch test reaction to 2-HEMA was significantly decreasing over time (p = 0.004). Non-occupational allergic contact dermatitis was documented in 68.7%; artificial nails were the leading source of exposure in both occupational (75.0%) and non-occupational (72.2%) settings.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of contact allergy to 2-HEMA in Italy shows a progressively increasing trend over time. Currently, the European legislation does not appear to be effective in preventing or reducing this phenomenon.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Italian prevalence trend of positive patch test reactions to 2-HEMA, the best marker for delayed hypersensitivity to (meth)acrylates.
METHODS: A retrospective descriptive study on consecutive patients patch tested with the Italian baseline series containing 2-HEMA was performed in 8 Italian Dermatology Clinics. Demographics, patch test results, exposure settings and sources were analysed.
RESULTS: Amongst 7133 patch tested patients, 147 (2.1%) resulted positive to 2-HEMA with an increasing trend from 2019 (1.6%) to 2023 (2.7%). The median age of sensitised female patients with a relevant positive patch test reaction to 2-HEMA was significantly decreasing over time (p = 0.004). Non-occupational allergic contact dermatitis was documented in 68.7%; artificial nails were the leading source of exposure in both occupational (75.0%) and non-occupational (72.2%) settings.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of contact allergy to 2-HEMA in Italy shows a progressively increasing trend over time. Currently, the European legislation does not appear to be effective in preventing or reducing this phenomenon.