Serum levels of vitamin E, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND

The present study aimed to investigate the serum levels of vitamin D, vitamin E, and omega-3 in patients with chronic periodontitis.

METHODS

Thirty-six patients with periodontitis participated in this cross-sectional descriptive study. Clinical parameters such as the gingival index, pocket depth (PD) (mm), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) (mm) were measured. Serum samples were obtained and analyzed for levels of vitamin D, vitamin E, and omega-3 fatty acids. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24, and a probability value of<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

All the clinical parameters used to measure periodontal status differed significantly according to the severity of periodontitis (P<0.05). The mean serum levels of all vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids were lower in the severe periodontitis group than in the moderate periodontitis group. The mean levels were high in the mild periodontitis group. However, the differences were significant only for vitamin E and vitamin D (P<0.05). No statistically significant effect was observed for omega-3 fatty acids, but higher amounts of omega-3 fatty acids were detected in mild periodontitis patients than in moderate and severe periodontitis patients.

CONCLUSION

It can be concluded that the optimal consumption of vitamin E and vitamin D, either as supplements or as part of an individual's daily diet, may contribute to maintaining periodontal health.