Surgical Considerations in Endoscopic Pituitary Approaches for the Otolaryngologist.

Advances in endoscopic surgical technique have ushered in a new era of pituitary surgery with improved rates of resection and minimized operative morbidity and burden. Anatomically, endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal pituitary surgery is split into nasal, sphenoidal, and sellar stages, each with unique considerations. Recent developments in knowledge and technology seek to build on the success of the endoscope in pituitary surgery, while expanding its capabilities.