Journal of clinical lipidology · 2025
An Indian adapted Mediterranean diet: A feasibility study.
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Singh Archna, Ghosh-Jerath Suparna, Suresh Megha, P P Anudeep, Bakshi Neha, Khan Sabiha, Basha Aseem, Yadav Satyavir, Singh Sandeep, Ali Kamar, Chauhan Shraddha, Price Sherry, Hebert James R, Roy Ambuj
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death in Indians. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) is cardioprotective, in part, because of its anti-inflammatory properties. We tested the feasibility of implementing an Indian Adapted Mediterranean Diet (IAMD) based on North Indian cuisine.
METHODS: The IAMD is based on common Indian foods similar to their MD counterparts. Culturally suitable substitutes of specific Mediterranean foods were identified to develop typical North Indian recipes for IAMD. A 7-day calorie-specific cyclic diet plan using these recipes was prescribed to 57 participants with stable CAD or INTERHEART Score >15 on stable therapy. Food frequency questionnaire-based intakes were used to evaluate changes in participants' energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) scores at 3 months. The acceptability, compliance, and change in biomarkers (lipids, hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], insulin, C-reactive protein, interleukin [IL]-10, IL-6, and ghrelin) were assessed.
RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 52.9 ± 8.2 years; 10% were females, 49% had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among those who completed the 3-month follow-up (n = 53), the body mass index decreased from 24.7 to 24.3 kg/m2 (P < .01) and the median E-DII score decreased from -0.5 to -1.29 (P < .01). Most participants found the diet acceptable and easy to follow, and 83% reported adhering to more than 50% of the prescribed diet. There was a significant decrease in HbA1c (6.28% to 6.07%), leptin (3.55 to 2.84 ng/mL), and ghrelin (2836.2 to 2650.7 pg/mL).
CONCLUSION: Implementing IAMD based on North Indian cuisine is feasible among CAD patients. The efficacy needs to be further tested in clinical trials.
METHODS: The IAMD is based on common Indian foods similar to their MD counterparts. Culturally suitable substitutes of specific Mediterranean foods were identified to develop typical North Indian recipes for IAMD. A 7-day calorie-specific cyclic diet plan using these recipes was prescribed to 57 participants with stable CAD or INTERHEART Score >15 on stable therapy. Food frequency questionnaire-based intakes were used to evaluate changes in participants' energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII) scores at 3 months. The acceptability, compliance, and change in biomarkers (lipids, hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], insulin, C-reactive protein, interleukin [IL]-10, IL-6, and ghrelin) were assessed.
RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 52.9 ± 8.2 years; 10% were females, 49% had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Among those who completed the 3-month follow-up (n = 53), the body mass index decreased from 24.7 to 24.3 kg/m2 (P < .01) and the median E-DII score decreased from -0.5 to -1.29 (P < .01). Most participants found the diet acceptable and easy to follow, and 83% reported adhering to more than 50% of the prescribed diet. There was a significant decrease in HbA1c (6.28% to 6.07%), leptin (3.55 to 2.84 ng/mL), and ghrelin (2836.2 to 2650.7 pg/mL).
CONCLUSION: Implementing IAMD based on North Indian cuisine is feasible among CAD patients. The efficacy needs to be further tested in clinical trials.