Pulmonary Coinfection of Pneumocystis jirovecii and Aspergillus Species.

In this multicenter study of 387 patients who were immunocompromised, 4.5% with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis also had Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. Predictors of coinfection included elevated β-D-glucan and prolonged corticosteroid use. Coinfection correlated with reduced 30-day survival (22% vs 57%), suggesting that early identification and prophylaxis may improve outcomes.