Frontiers in medicine · 2024
Probability analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis patients in the gray zone.
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Zhang Jianna, Yu Sijie, Zhu Kailu, Li Shibo, Huang Yu
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the probability of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a large number of gray-zone (GZ) patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in clinical practice.
METHODS: The patients with CHB who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2023 were analyzed retrospectively.
RESULTS: According to the different levels of HBeAg, ALT and HBV DNA, GZ patients were divided into four categories: (1) Gray zone A (GZ-A): HBeAg positive, normal ALT level, HBV DNA ≤ 106 IU/ml; (2) Gray zone B (GZ-B): HBeAg positive, ALT>ULN, HBV DNA ≤ 2 × 104 IU/ml; (3) Gray zone C (GZ-C): HBeAg negative, normal ALT level, HBV DNA ≥ 2 × 103 IU/ml; and (4) Gray zone D (GZ-D): HBeAg negative, ALT > ULN, serum HBV DNA ≤ 2 × 103 IU/ml. This observational study showed that after adjustment using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), the probability of developing HCC in the GZ group was similar to that in the immune-tolerant, HBeAg-positive immune active, and inactive groups. The IPTW-adjusted analysis revealed that the probability of developing HCC in the GZ-B subgroup was similar to that in the immune-active and HBeAg-negative immune-active groups.
CONCLUSION: The GZ group and GZ-B subgroup have a higher risk of HCC. Anti-hepatitis B virus therapy should be considered as early as possible for patients in the GZ group, especially in the GZ-B subgroup.
METHODS: The patients with CHB who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2023 were analyzed retrospectively.
RESULTS: According to the different levels of HBeAg, ALT and HBV DNA, GZ patients were divided into four categories: (1) Gray zone A (GZ-A): HBeAg positive, normal ALT level, HBV DNA ≤ 106 IU/ml; (2) Gray zone B (GZ-B): HBeAg positive, ALT>ULN, HBV DNA ≤ 2 × 104 IU/ml; (3) Gray zone C (GZ-C): HBeAg negative, normal ALT level, HBV DNA ≥ 2 × 103 IU/ml; and (4) Gray zone D (GZ-D): HBeAg negative, ALT > ULN, serum HBV DNA ≤ 2 × 103 IU/ml. This observational study showed that after adjustment using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), the probability of developing HCC in the GZ group was similar to that in the immune-tolerant, HBeAg-positive immune active, and inactive groups. The IPTW-adjusted analysis revealed that the probability of developing HCC in the GZ-B subgroup was similar to that in the immune-active and HBeAg-negative immune-active groups.
CONCLUSION: The GZ group and GZ-B subgroup have a higher risk of HCC. Anti-hepatitis B virus therapy should be considered as early as possible for patients in the GZ group, especially in the GZ-B subgroup.