Severe pancreatitis after parathyroidectomy.

Cope showed in 1957 that pancreatitis may be the presenting symptom in hyperparathyroidism. Since then, the literature has reported a coincidence of primary hyperparathyroidism and pancreatitis between 1% and 19%, but the true relationship has not been fully established. When severe pancreatitis follows parathyroidectomy, a condition familiar to parathyroid surgeons, reports are mostly anecdotal and by many authors considered to be coincidental. We present the case history of a 58-year-old man with a longstanding history of untreated primary hyperparathyroidism who developed severe pancreatitis immediately after removal of a 400-mg parathyroid adenoma. He was the first in a series of 108 operated patients to develop this complication. His preoperative levels of parathormone and serum calcium were the highest in our material. We believe that pancreatitis after parathyroidectomy is a real but rare complication that might be predicted by preoperative high values of serum calcium and parathormone.