Percutaneous Interventricular Septal Access Guided by Subcostal Echocardiography and Fluoroscopy for Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation in a Patient with Aortic and Mitral Mechanical Valves.

Mechanical prosthetic aortic and mitral valves preclude either a retrograde aortic or transseptal approach to the left ventricular (LV) endocardium. Several operators have reported on the application of nonconventional techniques for ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation including transventricular septal puncture, epicardial approach, transmechanical valve approach, transcoronary venous approach, and transapical approach. Incorporating transventricular access to the LV under intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) guidance has been previously attempted in VT ablation procedures in patients with both aortic and mitral mechanical valves. However, while ICE is readily used in the United States, its use is less common in Europe, since the health insurance agencies largely do not cover the costs of ICE catheters. We therefore herein present a case of VT ablation in the LV using a transventricular approach in a patient who underwent mechanical double valve replacement performed under subcostal echocardiographic and fluoroscopic guidance.