[From FRANCE 2 to FRANCE TAVI: are indications, technique and results of transcatheter aortic valve replacement the same?].

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is indicated in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis who are not suitable for surgery or should be considered when there is a high surgical risk as assessed by a heart team. There is a decrease in mean logistic EuroSCORE since January 2010, which translates a gradual evolution in patients' selection. Expertise of geriatricians to further assess frailty is a key step in the risk stratification process of this elderly population (mean age: 83.4±7.3 years). Femoral access is used in 80% of cases with a procedural success rate higher than 95%. In-hospital mortality rate is 5.9%. The main complications of the procedure are aortic annulus rupture (0.9% in FRANCE TAVI), tamponade (2.3%), stroke (2.2%), severe paravalvular leak (1.3%) and permanent pacemaker implantation (15%). The awaited results of PARTNER II and SURTAVI may lead to expand the indications to lower-risk patients if it is shown that TAVI is non-inferior to surgery in this population which has been suggested by the recent randomized NOTION Trial while the CoreValve Pivotal Trial even points in the direction of a possible superiority of the percutaneous technique over surgery.