Typhlitis as a rare cause of a psoas abscess.

Typhlitis is a life-threatening necrotizing process of the cecum associated with leukemia patients who have undergone chemotherapy. We present a rare complication of typhlitis in a boy with leukemia, in whom a right psoas abscess developed secondary to the inflammatory process of the cecum, with an emphasis on the computed tomographic findings of this severe and potentially life-threatening complication. Typhlitis should be added to conditions of the gastrointestinal tract that cause a psoas abscess such as Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, appendicitis, colorectal carcinoma, and appendiceal tumor.