Skin Sensitisation and Dermatitis Among Epoxy-Exposed Workers in a Wind Turbine Plant: Influence of Occupational Factors.

BACKGROUND

Epoxy polymers, widely used in industries such as wind turbine production, are common causes of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). However, gaps remain mostly regarding the type of occupational exposure (specific tasks) and protective strategies.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate epoxy resin sensitisation in a wind turbine blade plant and assess its associations with tasks, medical history, clinical patterns, and personal protective equipment (PPE) use.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study was performed in a large wind turbine blade facility. A group of volunteer workers completed a questionnaire on occupational/medical history, PPE use, and symptoms. Onsite patch testing included the European Baseline-, epoxy-, and isocyanate series. Data were analysed using SPSS and R (p < 0.05).

RESULTS

Among 131 workers tested (7.4% of the workforce), seven (5.3%), all from high-exposure tasks, showed positive reactions to epoxy compounds: Bisphenol F resin (5), Bisphenol A resin (4), and hardeners/additives (5). Hand dermatitis was the predominant ACD pattern, with a median time to onset of 8 months after employment. No associations were found between sensitisation and previous medical history or PPE compliance.

CONCLUSIONS

The ACD to epoxy resin is a significant concern in wind turbine blade manufacturing. Accurate diagnosis requires patch testing with epoxy-specific series, beyond the European Baseline series. Prevention should extend beyond PPE, addressing airborne exposure and cross-contamination.