Impact of Multimorbidity and Polypharmacy on Clinical Outcomes of Elderly Chinese Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.

BACKGROUND

The co-incidence of multiple morbidities and polypharmacy is common amongst patients with atrial fibrillation (AF); however, data on their impact on clinical outcomes are scarce in Asian cohorts.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the impact of multimorbidity and polypharmacy on clinical outcomes and AF management among elderly Chinese patients.

METHODS

The ChiOTEAF registry is a prospective, multicenter nationwide study conducted from October 2014 to December 2018. Endpoints of interest were the composite outcome of all-cause death/any thromboembolism (TE), all-cause death, cardiovascular death, TE events, major bleeding, as well as AF management.

RESULTS

The eligible cohort included 6341 individuals (mean age 74.7 ± 10.7; 39.1% female), of whom 4644 (73.2%) had multimorbidity (defined as two or more chronic diseases), and 2262 (35.7%) were treated with five or more medications. There were 2775 (43.8%) patients on anticoagulant (OAC) use. On multivariate analysis, (i) multimorbidity was associated with a higher odds ratio of the composite outcome (OR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.49-2.79), all-cause death (OR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.31-2.54), cardiovascular death (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.13-3.69), any TE (OR: 2.69; 95% CI: 1.29-5.62), and major bleeding (OR: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.25-5.45); (ii) polypharmacy was associated with a lower odds ratio of all-cause death (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.63-0.96). The use of OAC was safe and was associated with a lower odds ratio of the composite outcome and all-cause death in all subgroups of patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Multimorbidity and polypharmacy were common among elderly AF Chinese patients. Multimorbidity was an independent predictor of adverse clinical outcomes. The use of OAC was safe and significantly improved survival amongst AF patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy.