Cholesterol embolization syndrome: A case report and literature review.

Cholesterol embolization syndrome is a clinical condition caused by cholesterol crystals dislodged from atherosclerotic plaques, leading to distal arterial occlusion and subsequent organ ischemia. We present a case of a 61-year-old male who developed blue toe syndrome, reticular livedo, and gastrointestinal bleeding 1 week after aortic interventional therapy for intermittent claudication. The patient exhibited eosinophilia and multiorgan dysfunction. Diagnosis was confirmed by fundoscopic examination revealing a cherry-red spot at the macula. This case, combined with a literature review, discusses the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic strategies of this disease to enhance clinician awareness. The patient was followed for 3 months with ongoing follow-up thereafter, during which renal function partially recovered from stage 4 to stage 3b chronic kidney disease with conservative management.