The Effects of Exercise on Hippocampus-Based Cognitive Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Possible Involvement of Hippocampal Monocarboxylate Transporter 2.

Cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a significant peril not only to compromised human well-being but also to the onset of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and depression. Given the present research findings utilizing animal models, various potential biochemical mechanisms have been reported for hippocampus-based cognitive dysfunction in T2DM. This chapter focuses on the relationship between cognitive dysfunction in T2DM and dysregulation of the hippocampal astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle, with specific emphasis on monocarboxylate transporter 2 (MCT2). Furthermore, it provides a summary of the evidence suggesting the potentiality of exercise as a viable therapeutic intervention, encompassing not solely glycemic control but also the amelioration of cognitive dysfunction in T2DM.