Intracranial microvascular decompression for "cryptogenic" hemifacial spasm, trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia, paroxysmal vertigo and tinnitus: II. Clinical study and long-term follow up.

20 patients who had undergone microvascular decompression for the treatment of "idiopathic" trigeminal neuralgia (9 cases), hemifacial spasm (7 cases), glossopharyngeal neuralgia (3 cases) and paroxysmal vertigo and tinnitus (1 case) were followed up for 25 months on average. Permanent relief of symptoms was observed in 19 (95%), with sparing of cranial nerve function. Analysis of the clinical data shows that the patients described in the present series did not differ from those considered to suffer from "idiopathic" cranial nerve dysfunction syndromes. The importance of vascular cross compression as etiological factor in such conditions is stressed and the pathophysiology discussed. The term "cryptogenic" applied to trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm thus needs revising. Lastly, the indications of microvascular decompression in the treatment of "cryptogenic" cranial nerve dysfunction syndromes are defined.