Acute hypercalcemia of the heart ("bony heart").

Cardiac abnormalities as a sign of hyperparathyroidism are common. A spectacular pitfall of peracute extended myocardiac hypercalcemia is reported. The history of a 30-year-old woman included symptoms such as insufficiency of the kidneys since childhood, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and hemodialysis for approximately 4 years. After kidney transplantation, the patient died from progressive heart failure. Three days before she died, CT showed a nearly white heart, and myocardial scintigraphy revealed a total infarction. The autopsy revealed a heart of normal size but with a weight of 590 g and with nearly bony texture. The histologic examination showed extended calcifications of the entire myocardium, thus explaining these findings. Laboratory photographs and electron microscopic images will be demonstrated. The metabolic pathogenesis of tertiary hyperparathyroidism and calciphylaxis is discussed. "Malignant" progression after kidney transplantation is stressed.