The Dean Effect: An Aortic Arch Flow Artifact Mimicking Dissection.

The unique hemodynamics of the aortic arch create conditions for potential formation of a flow-related artifact that mimics disease on CT angiographic images. The hemodynamic basis for this artifact can be explained by fluid mechanics incorporating a mathematical principle known as the Dean number. Therefore, in this review, the artifact is referred to as the Dean effect. It is important for radiologists and other clinicians to recognize this artifact when encountered. It is also helpful for the interpreting radiologist to have a basic understanding of the relevant hemodynamic principles. This review provides an example of the artifact, reviews the basic underlying hemodynamics, and presents methods of how to prevent this artifact and distinguish it from pathologic mimics in clinical practice. Keywords: CT Angiography, Vascular, Thorax, Aorta, Artifacts, Blood, Dissection, Hemodynamics/Flow Dynamics © RSNA, 2022.