General hospital psychiatry · 2026
Longitudinal trajectories of health-related quality of life and cognitive function in ICU survivors with versus without delirium: A 6-month follow-up study.
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Zhong Mingli, Wang Xueting, Feng Sharui, Zhang Yuanyuan, Chen Fang, Luo Qian, Jiang Chunxia, Hua Lan, Hu Rujun, Zhang Xia
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: To prospectively explore the 6-month longitudinal trajectories of health-related quality of life and cognitive function in intensive care unit survivors with and without delirium, and to compare inter-group recovery differences at key follow-up time points.
METHODS: Adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled. Delirium status was assessed every 4 h using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit. At 1, 3 and 6 months after discharge, the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status were used to evaluate health-related quality of life and cognitive function, respectively.
RESULTS: A total of 587 eligible patients were enrolled, with 508 completing follow-up. Among them, 232 patients (45.7%) developed delirium during their intensive care unit stay. At 1 month after discharge, patients with delirium exhibited significantly greater impairments in all quality-of-life domains (except general health and vitality) and cognitive function compared to patients without delirium. From 3 to 6 months post-discharge, while the overall Physical Component Summary and physical functioning of patients with delirium recovered to levels comparable to those of non-delirium patients (p > 0.05), persistent impairments were still observed in specific physical domains such as role-physical and bodily pain. Between-group differences in vitality were absent at 1 month (p = 0.346) but present at 3 months (p = 0.005) and 6 months (p = 0.002); the group-by-time interaction was significant (p < 0.001), indicating a slower rate of vitality recovery in patients with delirium. Furthermore, significant deficits in cognitive function and mental health domains persisted among delirious patients at all time points (all p < 0.01), demonstrating a slower recovery rate compared to their non-delirium counterparts.
CONCLUSIONS: Intensive care unit acquired delirium is associated with sustained impairments in health-related quality of life and cognitive function, despite partial physical recovery by 3 to 6 months. These findings support the need for extended multidisciplinary care, including functional monitoring, cognitive rehabilitation, and psychosocial support, for delirium survivors after intensive care unit discharge.
METHODS: Adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit were enrolled. Delirium status was assessed every 4 h using the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit. At 1, 3 and 6 months after discharge, the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status were used to evaluate health-related quality of life and cognitive function, respectively.
RESULTS: A total of 587 eligible patients were enrolled, with 508 completing follow-up. Among them, 232 patients (45.7%) developed delirium during their intensive care unit stay. At 1 month after discharge, patients with delirium exhibited significantly greater impairments in all quality-of-life domains (except general health and vitality) and cognitive function compared to patients without delirium. From 3 to 6 months post-discharge, while the overall Physical Component Summary and physical functioning of patients with delirium recovered to levels comparable to those of non-delirium patients (p > 0.05), persistent impairments were still observed in specific physical domains such as role-physical and bodily pain. Between-group differences in vitality were absent at 1 month (p = 0.346) but present at 3 months (p = 0.005) and 6 months (p = 0.002); the group-by-time interaction was significant (p < 0.001), indicating a slower rate of vitality recovery in patients with delirium. Furthermore, significant deficits in cognitive function and mental health domains persisted among delirious patients at all time points (all p < 0.01), demonstrating a slower recovery rate compared to their non-delirium counterparts.
CONCLUSIONS: Intensive care unit acquired delirium is associated with sustained impairments in health-related quality of life and cognitive function, despite partial physical recovery by 3 to 6 months. These findings support the need for extended multidisciplinary care, including functional monitoring, cognitive rehabilitation, and psychosocial support, for delirium survivors after intensive care unit discharge.