[Vestibular rehabilitation in patients with vestibular peripheral vertigo].

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation in patients with anterior peripheral vertigo and analyze its influencing factors.

Methods

From January 2018 to June 2021, 153 cases with peripheral vertigo diseases（including 47 cases of benign positional paroxysmal vertigo, 38 cases of Meniere's disease, 26 cases of sudden deafness with vertigo, 23 cases of vestibular migraine and 19 cases of vestibular neuritis） were enrolled. One hundred and three cases were treated with vestibular rehabilitation combined with drugs, and 50 cases only treated with drugs were used as controls. Self-rating scale and vertigo disorder scale were evaluated at the beginning of treatment, 4 weeks and 8 weeks, respectively. The curative effects of the two groups were tested by t-test, and the independent risk factors affecting the curative effects were analyzed by multiple linear regression.

Results

There was no difference in clinical data, self-assessment scale and vertigo disorder scale between the two groups（P>0.05）. At 4 and 8 weeks, the scores of self-assessment scale and vertigo disorder scale in the experimental group were better than those in the control group（all P<0.01）, and the curative effect at 8 weeks was better than that at 4 weeks, especially the decrease of emotional score during walking and the proportion of severe vertigo disability（all P<0.01）. The scores of self-rating scale and vertigo disorder scale of the cases with benign positional paroxysmal vertigo and vestibular neuritis were better than Meniere's disease, vestibular migraine and sudden deafness with vertigo（P<0.05）. Headache（P<0.05） and severe vertigo disorder before intervention（P<0.01） were independent risk factors affecting the efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation.

Conclusion

Vestibular rehabilitation combined with anti-vertigo drugs in the treatment of vestibular peripheral vertigo is better than that of only using drugs, especially in improving the degree of emotional disorder and vertigo disability. It is more suitable for benign positional paroxysmal vertigo and vestibular neuritis, while the effect of combined headache or severe vertigo is relatively poor.