Prevalence of protein-energy wasting among non-dialytic and dialytic chronic kidney disease patients in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Adejumo Oluseyi Ademola, Oyedepo Dapo Suday, Edeki Imuetinyan Rashida, Busari Kudirat Abimbola, Bamikefa Titilope Adetoun, Adesida Adedayo Oluwadamilola, Omoloja Oyinkansola Aderinsola, Zibiri Anne Osimokhua, Oladunjoye Olumide Samuel, Dada Emmanuel Oluwadamilare, Olalekan Olayinka Vincent, Akinola Temitope Oluwabusola, Babatunde Sunkanmi Henry, Yisau Olawale Elijah, Ige Olanrenwaju Olumide, Akinyosoye Grace Oghenetega, Eromosele Godswill Thomas, Ajiboye Victor Ayodeji, Oluwagbemiga Ayomide Thomas, Rehman Aqueeb Ur, Nelson Udeme-Abasi Udoudo, Ekrikpo Inyeneabasi Udeme, Eboreime-Oikeh Imesidayo Omua, Ekrikpo Udeme Ekpenyong
Аннотация
METHODS: PubMed, AJOL, and EMBASE were systematically searched for relevant studies published between 1980 and 2025. Meta-analytic techniques were used to estimate the pooled prevalence of PEW among African CKD populations. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD420251032894).
RESULTS: Twenty-five articles comprising 2822 participants across 14 African countries met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the participants was 49.7 ± 5.2 years. Thirteen studies (52.0%) were from North Africa, 19 studies (76.0%) had high methodological quality, and 17 studies (68.0%) used Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) for PEW assessment. The overall pooled prevalence of PEW among patients with CKD was 47.0% (95% confidence interval: 39.0%-56.0%; n = 25 studies; I2 = 95.5%, P < .001). The prevalence of PEW was significantly higher in the haemodialysis patients compared with non-dialysis CKD patients (52.0% vs 34.0%; P < .001). The pooled prevalence of PEW in studies that used the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism criteria was 32.0%; Malnutrition Inflammatory Score was 49.0%, SGA was 42.0%; and SGA adaptation was 76.0%. There was a significant difference in the pooled PEW prevalence across diagnostic criteria (P < .001) and African regions (P < .001).
CONCLUSION: PEW is highly prevalent among African patients with CKD. Region-specific guidelines and multidisciplinary nutritional interventions are urgently needed to address this burden.