Journal of equine veterinary science · 2025
Thermal comfort and seminal traits in stallion reproduction: New methods to understand these relationships.
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Maria Feitosa Ribeiro Luiza, Bersot Gomes João Victor, Hernando Ortiz Vega Wilder, da Silva Alves Andressa, Netto Machado Maurício, Junio Wutke Luan, Raquel Quirino Célia, Carvalho Basile Roberta, Di Filippo Paula Alessandra
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Stallion breeding is mostly based on desirable phenotypic traits, with little consideration for semen quality.
AIMS/OBJECTIVES: To identify relationships among semen parameters in stallions using a non-invasive, integrative approach across summer and winter seasons.
METHODS: Twenty-four stallions were evaluated, in which semen collections, testicular thermography, and Doppler velocimetry of the testicular artery by Doppler ultrasonography were performed, in addition to the measurement of physiological, environmental, and heat stress parameters, both in winter (coat weather) and summer (T-shirt weather). Statistical tests included univariate and multivariate analyses in software SPSS® (IBM).
RESULTS: Sperm defects (22.4 ± 7.3 %) and heat stress indices (THI: 79.7 ± 3.4; ThStress: 2.9 ± 0.7) were higher in summer (28.6 ± 2.7 °C) than in winter (12.5 ± 9.4 %; 21.1 ± 2.4 °C; THI: 73.5 ± 8.6; ThStress: 1.1 ± 0.3). The heat stress indices were calculated by the equation: THI= [0.8 x (EnTemp + RH/100)] x [(EnTemp - 14.4) + 46.4]. In contrast, systolic/diastolic testicular blood flow velocities, motility, and vigor were greater in winter (33.3 ± 9.3 cm/s; 5.9 ± 2.2 cm/s; 81.2 ± 8.5 %; 3.2 ± 0.4) than in summer (24.4 ± 6.7 cm/s; 4.0 ± 1.0 cm/s; 64.2 ± 21 %; 2.7 ± 0.6). Significant correlations were found between thermal comfort indices and seminal traits in summer, and between Doppler/thermographic data and semen quality in winter.
CONCLUSION: The analyzed indices characterized thermal, circulatory, and seminal parameters in stallions, highlighting seasonal differences and correlations, and supporting the use of Doppler ultrasonography and infrared thermography in fertility assessment, thermal comfort, and optimal breeding season selection.
AIMS/OBJECTIVES: To identify relationships among semen parameters in stallions using a non-invasive, integrative approach across summer and winter seasons.
METHODS: Twenty-four stallions were evaluated, in which semen collections, testicular thermography, and Doppler velocimetry of the testicular artery by Doppler ultrasonography were performed, in addition to the measurement of physiological, environmental, and heat stress parameters, both in winter (coat weather) and summer (T-shirt weather). Statistical tests included univariate and multivariate analyses in software SPSS® (IBM).
RESULTS: Sperm defects (22.4 ± 7.3 %) and heat stress indices (THI: 79.7 ± 3.4; ThStress: 2.9 ± 0.7) were higher in summer (28.6 ± 2.7 °C) than in winter (12.5 ± 9.4 %; 21.1 ± 2.4 °C; THI: 73.5 ± 8.6; ThStress: 1.1 ± 0.3). The heat stress indices were calculated by the equation: THI= [0.8 x (EnTemp + RH/100)] x [(EnTemp - 14.4) + 46.4]. In contrast, systolic/diastolic testicular blood flow velocities, motility, and vigor were greater in winter (33.3 ± 9.3 cm/s; 5.9 ± 2.2 cm/s; 81.2 ± 8.5 %; 3.2 ± 0.4) than in summer (24.4 ± 6.7 cm/s; 4.0 ± 1.0 cm/s; 64.2 ± 21 %; 2.7 ± 0.6). Significant correlations were found between thermal comfort indices and seminal traits in summer, and between Doppler/thermographic data and semen quality in winter.
CONCLUSION: The analyzed indices characterized thermal, circulatory, and seminal parameters in stallions, highlighting seasonal differences and correlations, and supporting the use of Doppler ultrasonography and infrared thermography in fertility assessment, thermal comfort, and optimal breeding season selection.