Journal of diabetes and its complications · 2025
Trends in mean serum insulin and hyperinsulinemia among US adults without diabetes 1999-2018.
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Johnson Tammie M, Churilla James R
Аннотация
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine trends for mean serum insulin concentration (pmol/L) and prevalence of hyperinsulinemia (≥4.358 pmol/L fasting insulin) in US adults without diabetes.
METHODS: We used data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants (n = 14,150) were ≥20 years of age, not pregnant, had no history of diabetes, had a fasting blood glucose measure of less than 126 mg/dL, and had valid responses to all study variables. Consecutive cycles of NHANES data from 1999 to 2018 (20 years) were aggregated into five four-year intervals.
RESULTS: The Annual Percent Change (APC) for mean fasting insulin ranged from 5.64 (adjusted for body mass index) to 7.65 % when unadjusted (all p-values for trend <0.0001). The APC for hyperinsulinemia prevalence ranged from 19.4 % (adjusted for waist circumference) to 22.3 % when unadjusted (all p-values for trend <0.0001). The subanalyses by gender consistently revealed significant positive trends for both outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates a significant positive trend for mean fasting insulin concentrations and hyperinsulinemia among US adults over 20 years. Monitoring serum insulin and hyperinsulinemia trends provides insights into the continuing rise in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and opportunities for T2D prevention.
METHODS: We used data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Participants (n = 14,150) were ≥20 years of age, not pregnant, had no history of diabetes, had a fasting blood glucose measure of less than 126 mg/dL, and had valid responses to all study variables. Consecutive cycles of NHANES data from 1999 to 2018 (20 years) were aggregated into five four-year intervals.
RESULTS: The Annual Percent Change (APC) for mean fasting insulin ranged from 5.64 (adjusted for body mass index) to 7.65 % when unadjusted (all p-values for trend <0.0001). The APC for hyperinsulinemia prevalence ranged from 19.4 % (adjusted for waist circumference) to 22.3 % when unadjusted (all p-values for trend <0.0001). The subanalyses by gender consistently revealed significant positive trends for both outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates a significant positive trend for mean fasting insulin concentrations and hyperinsulinemia among US adults over 20 years. Monitoring serum insulin and hyperinsulinemia trends provides insights into the continuing rise in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and opportunities for T2D prevention.