Correction to "Interpreting the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for individuals with traumatic brain injury: Clinical correlates and empirical severity cutoffs" by Fox et al. (2026).
Аннотация
Reports an error in "Interpreting the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for individuals with traumatic brain injury: Clinical correlates and empirical severity cutoffs" by Tayla Fox, Alexia Samiotis, Jennie Ponsford, Gershon Spitz and Jai Carmichael (Psychological Assessment, 2026[Mar], Vol 38[3], 220-234; see record 2026-96062-001). In the article, a typographical error occurred in the Results section on pages 227-228. The sentence originally read: "For the HADS-D, they were 0-4 ("normal"), 5-10 ("mild"), 11-15 ("moderate") and 15-21 ("severe")." The sentence has been corrected to read, "For the HADS-D, they were 0-4 ("normal"), 5-10 ("mild"), 11-15 ("moderate") and 16-21 ("severe")." The recommended severe range for the HADS-D scale based on the study's findings is 16+, as correctly denoted in both the Discussion and Supplementary Materials. All statistical and follow-up analyses were executed using the correct 16+ range; therefore, the statistical outputs and overall conclusions of the study remain unchanged. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2026-96062-001.) Anxiety and depression symptoms are more prevalent in individuals with moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) than in the general population, underscoring the need for effective screening. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is widely used for this purpose, yet how best to use and interpret the HADS in individuals with TBI remains an open question. This study evaluated the HADS total score, subscale scores, and individual items in 402 individuals with moderate-severe TBI. The sample was on average 13 years postinjury, originally recruited during inpatient rehabilitation. HADS scores were regressed against five clinically important variables to determine their concurrent criterion validity, and regression tree analyses were used to establish severity cutoffs for the total and subscale scores. Results indicated that while the HADS subscale scores provided no meaningful advantage over the total score in accounting for variance in suicidal ideation, self-harm, or mental health treatment, the subscales-particularly depression subscale items-were more informative with respect to functional disability and life satisfaction. Benchmarked against these clinically important variables, we established graded severity cutoffs ("normal," "mild," "moderate," and "severe") for both the HADS total and subscale scores. This study provides clinicians and researchers with empirically derived guidance for using and interpreting the HADS when assessing emotional distress in individuals with moderate-severe TBI. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).
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