Serum S100A12 concentrations are correlated with angiographic coronary lesion complexity in patients with coronary artery disease.

The neutrophil activation marker S100A12 is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine and a potential biomarker for a range of inflammatory diseases. This study aims to investigate whether serum S100A12 concentrations are associated with angiographic coronary lesion complexity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We enrolled 240 CAD and 68 healthy controls. Coronary lesion complexity was assessed by coronary angiography (CAG). Serum S100A12 concentrations were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We demonstrated that serum S100A12 concentrations were independently associated with the presence of complex lesion in patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) (Odds ratio 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.04; p < 0.01). In addition, among patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who had significantly higher serum S100A12 concentrations than SAP patients (140.8 [interval 109.4-208.6] vs. 120.8 [interval 96.1-145.9] μg/L, respectively, p < 0.01), those with multi-complex lesions had significantly higher serum S100A12 concentrations than those with no or one complex lesion (156.3 [interval 116.2-247.4] vs. 129.2 [interval 99.8-165.2] μg/L, respectively, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that S100A12 in serum might be a potential biomarker for providing valuable information regarding coronary plaque vulnerability in patients with CAD.