Ambulatory parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate whether the combined application of preoperative localization and intraoperative monitoring of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels could facilitate safe outpatient parathyroidectomy.

DESIGN

Consecutive patients, who had no antecedent social or medical conditions mandating hospitalization, were prospectively offered ambulatory parathyroidectomy with a mean follow-up of 7 months (range, 1-25 months).

SETTING

Tertiary care referral center

PATIENTS: From 85 patients who had primary hyperparathyroidism with hypercalcemia and elevated iPTH levels, 57 were offered outpatient parathyroidectomy. Nineteen patients were asymptomatic, 3 had hypercalcemic crisis, and the others gave a history of renal stones or had complaints consistent with bone disease.

INTERVENTIONS: Technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scintiscans were used for preoperative localization. Monitoring iPTH levels during parathyroidectomy quantitatively assured the surgeon (G.L.I. only) when all hyperfunctioning glands were excised.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The number of patients without complications and with short operative times who were discharged without hospital admission or overnight stay.

RESULTS

The combination of preoperative localization of abnormal parathyroid glands and a decline in circulating iPTH levels predicting postoperative normocalcemia after excision of all hyperfunctioning glands resulted in successful parathyroidectomy in 84 of 85 patients. A decreased operative time (average, 52 minutes) with minimal neck dissection permitted outpatient parathyroidectomy in 42 of 57 eligible patients.

CONCLUSIONS

The combination of preoperative parathyroid scintiscan localization and iPTH level monitoring during surgery permitted successful parathyroidectomy in an ambulatory setting in half of a consecutive series of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The safety, success, and likely cost savings of this approach suggest wider application.