(±)-Agrimonolide: Efficient synthesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease via JAK1/STAT3 pathway inhibition.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing intestinal disorder. Here, we developed an efficient total synthesis of (±)-agrimonolide, a compound derived from the traditional medicine Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb., and evaluated its anti-inflammatory effects in a DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) mouse model. Treatment with (±)-agrimonolide significantly ameliorated colonic inflammation, as evidenced by reducing mucosal damage, decreasing inflammatory cell infiltration, and suppressing the JAK1/STAT3 pathway activation in colonic tissues. These findings strongly suggest that (±)-agrimonolide may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for treating IBD.