Fertility and sterility · 2026
Associations of Maternal Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome with Offspring Ovarian Activity in Minipuberty.
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Guttesen Lív Fossdal, Mola Gylli, Frederiksen Hanne, Sundberg Karin, Hegaard Hanne Kristine, Juul Anders, Hagen Casper P, Fischer Margit Bistrup
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: To study whether maternal PMOS is associated with altered ovarian activity in infant daughters during minipuberty.
DESIGN: Prospective, observational pregnancy and birth cohort: The Copenhagen Analgesic Study (COPANA), conducted at Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark (2020-2022).
SUBJECTS: Singleton pregnant women (n = 685) recruited at a median (IQR) gestational age of 13.7 weeks (12.8-15.0). Overall, 589 infants (302 girls) underwent examination during minipuberty at a mean age of 3.49 ± 0.44 months.
EXPOSURE: Maternal PMOS was self-reported based on a previous medical diagnosis, established by ovarian ultrasound (n = 8) or combined blood tests and ultrasound (n = 14). Overall, 298 girls with available information on maternal self-reported PMOS status (yes = 22, no = 276) were included in this study.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ovarian and uterine morphology by transabdominal ultrasound scan and circulating levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, gonadotropins (immunoassays), steroid hormones (LC/MS-MS). Linear regression models were adjusted for maternal paracetamol and alcohol use during pregnancy, with sensitivity analysesfor maternal nicotine use.
RESULTS: Maternal self-reported PMOS was associated with increased offspring ovarian volume: 43.48% (0.14; 105.58) using adjusted models, p = 0.05. PMOS-exposed daughters also had higher AMH: 0.55 SDS (0.06; 1.04), p = 0.03, higher SHBG: 0.61 SDS (0.15; 1.07), p = 0.01, and reduced endometrial thickness: -0.03 cm (-0.06; -0.00), p = 0.04. Maternal characteristics, including pre-pregnancy body mass index, did not differ between groups.
CONCLUSION: Maternal PMOS was associated with larger ovarian volume and higher AMH levels in infant daughters, indicating that PMOS-related alterations in ovarian morphology and function may be evident already in early life.
DESIGN: Prospective, observational pregnancy and birth cohort: The Copenhagen Analgesic Study (COPANA), conducted at Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Denmark (2020-2022).
SUBJECTS: Singleton pregnant women (n = 685) recruited at a median (IQR) gestational age of 13.7 weeks (12.8-15.0). Overall, 589 infants (302 girls) underwent examination during minipuberty at a mean age of 3.49 ± 0.44 months.
EXPOSURE: Maternal PMOS was self-reported based on a previous medical diagnosis, established by ovarian ultrasound (n = 8) or combined blood tests and ultrasound (n = 14). Overall, 298 girls with available information on maternal self-reported PMOS status (yes = 22, no = 276) were included in this study.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ovarian and uterine morphology by transabdominal ultrasound scan and circulating levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, gonadotropins (immunoassays), steroid hormones (LC/MS-MS). Linear regression models were adjusted for maternal paracetamol and alcohol use during pregnancy, with sensitivity analysesfor maternal nicotine use.
RESULTS: Maternal self-reported PMOS was associated with increased offspring ovarian volume: 43.48% (0.14; 105.58) using adjusted models, p = 0.05. PMOS-exposed daughters also had higher AMH: 0.55 SDS (0.06; 1.04), p = 0.03, higher SHBG: 0.61 SDS (0.15; 1.07), p = 0.01, and reduced endometrial thickness: -0.03 cm (-0.06; -0.00), p = 0.04. Maternal characteristics, including pre-pregnancy body mass index, did not differ between groups.
CONCLUSION: Maternal PMOS was associated with larger ovarian volume and higher AMH levels in infant daughters, indicating that PMOS-related alterations in ovarian morphology and function may be evident already in early life.