Editorial: Re-visiting risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases: towards a new epidemiological frontier.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACTInfographic illustrating a shift from traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes, toward an integrated systems-biology paradigm. Central diagram shows heart, kidney, gut, and liver interactions, highlighting endothelial dysfunction, exposome influences, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance. Arrows indicate direct and indirect effects as well as molecular mediators contributing to disease. Right section displays multi-omics integration, network analytics, patient stratification, and clinical translation goals, emphasizing precision prevention for cardiovascular disease.