Tissue-engineered cultured periosteum sheet application to treat infrabony defects: case series and 5-year results.

One-year data after autologous grafting of infrabony periodontal defects with human cultured periosteum sheets in combination with platelet-rich plasma and hydroxyapatite granules have shown favorable clinical and radiographic results. A 5-year follow-up evaluation of 22 selected patients indicated that treated infrabony defects remained stable. Radiographically, there was an increase in osseous radiopacity and bone trabeculation suggesting further bone maturation. This novel tissue-engineered periodontal treatment approach has resulted in significant clinical improvement, and defects remained stable after 5 years.