[Early postoperative complications and prevention of them in ischemic heart disease patients after direct myocardial revascularization].

AIM: To specify risk factors affecting development and frequency of complications early after the bypass operation in direct myocardial revascularization.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

455 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) of whom 392 (86.2%) had stable angina pectoris class III-IV, 25 (5.5%) had unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and 38 (8.5%) had survived myocardial infarction (MI) underwent autovenous coronary artery bypass operation. IHD combined with arterial hypertension in 103 (22.6%), diabetes mellitus type II in 67 (14.7%), cardiac failure (CF) stage IIa in 97 (21.3%) patients. The ejection fraction (EF) was 37.8 +/- 3.3% in 113 (24.8) patients, in the others it was 46.7 +/- 2.7%.

RESULTS

Early postoperative complications arose more frequently in patients with UAP, MI, CF and low EF. Postoperative acute cardiovascular failure was registered in 132 (29.5%) patients, arrhythmia--in 60 (13.4%), perioperative MI--in 13 (2.9%) patients.

CONCLUSION

The most significant risk factors of postoperative complications in the above patients are the following: UAP, MI, CF, low EF. These risk factors should be allowed for in preparation of patients for coronary bypass surgery.