The Journal of nutrition · 2026
Dietary Fiber Intake, FTO Genotypes, and Their Interactions on Obesity-Related Measures: The Fukuoka Diabetes Registry.
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Ohkuma Toshiaki, Iwase Masanori, Higashi Taiki, Sakamoto Wakako, Ago Tetsuro
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Higher dietary fiber intake has been associated with weight reduction and favorable cardiovascular disease risk profiles in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Variants in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene have been associated with obesity as well as higher energy and fat intake, but it remains unclear whether these obesogenic genetic variants alter the association between dietary fiber intake and obesity, particularly in East Asian populations.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between dietary fiber intake, genetic variants of the FTO gene, and their interaction with obesity-related indices in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: A total of 4868 Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes were included. Participants were categorized according to quintiles of dietary fiber intake and FTO (rs12149832) genotype. Associations with body mass index [BMI (in kg/m2)], body weight, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio were examined cross-sectionally.
RESULTS: Higher dietary fiber intake was linearly associated with lower BMI (P-trend <0.001); the multivariable-adjusted difference in BMI between the highest quintile (Q5) and the lowest quintile (Q1) was -1.25 [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.61, -0.88]. BMI increased linearly with the number of obesity-associated A alleles in FTO (P-trend <0.001). The inverse association between dietary fiber intake and BMI was more pronounced in individuals with the GA or AA genotype than in those with the GG genotype (P-interaction = 0.009); BMI differences between highest quintile (Q5) and lowest quintile (Q1) were -1.80 (95% CI: -2.39, -1.20) for GA/AA and -0.88 (95% CI: -1.34, -0.42) for GG. Similar associations were observed for body weight, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher dietary fiber intake was associated with lower BMI in individuals with type 2 diabetes, with stronger associations observed among carriers of the obesity-related FTO risk allele. A personalized dietary approach considering genetic background may be beneficial for managing obesity and diabetes.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between dietary fiber intake, genetic variants of the FTO gene, and their interaction with obesity-related indices in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
METHODS: A total of 4868 Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes were included. Participants were categorized according to quintiles of dietary fiber intake and FTO (rs12149832) genotype. Associations with body mass index [BMI (in kg/m2)], body weight, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio were examined cross-sectionally.
RESULTS: Higher dietary fiber intake was linearly associated with lower BMI (P-trend <0.001); the multivariable-adjusted difference in BMI between the highest quintile (Q5) and the lowest quintile (Q1) was -1.25 [95% confidence interval (CI): -1.61, -0.88]. BMI increased linearly with the number of obesity-associated A alleles in FTO (P-trend <0.001). The inverse association between dietary fiber intake and BMI was more pronounced in individuals with the GA or AA genotype than in those with the GG genotype (P-interaction = 0.009); BMI differences between highest quintile (Q5) and lowest quintile (Q1) were -1.80 (95% CI: -2.39, -1.20) for GA/AA and -0.88 (95% CI: -1.34, -0.42) for GG. Similar associations were observed for body weight, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio.
CONCLUSIONS: Higher dietary fiber intake was associated with lower BMI in individuals with type 2 diabetes, with stronger associations observed among carriers of the obesity-related FTO risk allele. A personalized dietary approach considering genetic background may be beneficial for managing obesity and diabetes.