Induced pluripotent stem cell technology for generating photoreceptors.

The discovery of methods to produce pluripotent stem cells from human skin cells and other adult tissues has created a new era in stem cell research. In this article, we discuss the generation and use of pluripotent stem cells for the study of retinal disorders and the development of cell-based therapies. We describe advances in protocols for differentiating pluripotent cells into photoreceptor precursors that might be suitable for transplantation and discuss the use of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived photoreceptors for disease modeling and drug screening.